Types of paints for construction

All paints used in construction can be divided in many ways: for exterior and interior use, paints for wood, concrete or metal, waterproof and non-waterproof, fireproof and flammable. In this article, we classify all types of paints for construction based on what is included in the paint.

The chemical composition of the paint:

water emulsion;
based on organic solvents (PVC, CPCV);
mineral and organic-mineral (calcareous, silicate, cement);
oil.

Water based paints for construction

Aqueous emulsion paints are the smallest particles not dissolved in water, but suspended in it. The chemical composition of the paint does not include toxic elements, so they are mainly used in interior work. The water resistance of the "water emulsion" depends on what is included in the paint: PVA (non-waterproof) or latex and acrylate (waterproof). Water dispersion paint dries very quickly. Loses its properties during freezing - should be stored in a warm room.

Organic solvent based paints

Perchlorovinyl and cement perchlorovinyl paints are made on the basis of cellulose derivatives. PVC quickly dries, gives a saturated color and is resistant to moisture, but due to the high chlorine content, a thick layer of perchlorovinyl paint can crack. Apply a small thickness to a carefully prepared surface. It is used mainly for brick and concrete. The chemical composition of the paint CPKHV allows you to apply paint on hot and on wet surfaces. It is more economical than perchlorovinyl, and when dried it gives a very strong film.

Silicate, lime and cement paints

Silicate paints are the most weather-resistant, but extremely flammable and toxic types of paints for construction. Their base is liquid glass. The two components are connected immediately before use. Service life - more than 30 years. Water-cement paint is used for outdoor work on porous surfaces: concrete, plaster, brick - and is not applied to wood and metal. The chemical composition of the paint includes pigmented cements and metal oxides. The powder is diluted with water, the resulting mixture must be used within four hours. Lime paint is a pigment diluted with milk of lime.

Oil paint

The main disadvantage of oil paint is its short life. Due to the constant narrowing-expansion of the metal or wood, for painting which it is used, its inelastic surface cracks. Nevertheless, oil paint firmly holds its position in the market due to its low cost and non-toxicity.